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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Filaggrine</span></h1>
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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content mw-content-ltr" lang="de" dir="ltr"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="de" dir="ltr"><table class="wikitable hintergrundfarbe-basis infobox float-right" id="Vorlage_Infobox_Protein_" style="font-size:90%; margin-top:0; width:350px;" summary="Infobox Protein">
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<th colspan="3" style="background:#90EE90; color:#202122;">Filaggrine
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<th colspan="3" style="background:#90EE90; color:#202122;;">Eigenschaften des menschlichen Proteins
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<td><a href="Molare_Masse" title="Molare Masse">Masse</a>/Länge <a href="Prim%C3%A4rstruktur" title="Primärstruktur">Primärstruktur</a>
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<td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;">324 Aminosäuren
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<td><a href="Koenzym" class="mw-redirect" title="Koenzym">Kofaktor</a>
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<td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;">Ca<sup>2+</sup>
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<td><a href="Pr%C3%A4kursor-Proteine" title="Präkursor-Proteine">Präkursor</a>
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<td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;">Profilaggrin (4061 aa)
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<th colspan="3" style="background:#90EE90; color:#202122;">Bezeichner
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<td><a href="Human_Genome_Organisation" title="Human Genome Organisation">Gen-Name</a>
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<td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;"><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.genenames.org/tools/search/#!/all?query=3748">FLG</a></i>
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<td>Externe IDs
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<td colspan="2" class="">
<ul><li><a href="Online_Mendelian_Inheritance_in_Man" title="Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man">OMIM</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/omim/135940">135940</a></li>
<li><a href="UniProt" title="UniProt">UniProt</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P20930">P20930</a></li></ul>
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<th colspan="3" style="background:#90EE90; color:#202122;">Vorkommen
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<td style="background:#C3FDB8; color:#202122;">Homologie-Familie
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<td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hogenom.univ-lyon1.fr/query_sequence?seq=P20930">Hovergen</a>
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<td style="background:#C3FDB8; color:#202122;">Übergeordnetes <a href="Taxon" title="Taxon">Taxon</a>
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<td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><a href="S%C3%A4ugetiere" title="Säugetiere">Säugetiere</a>
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</tbody></table><p><span class="editoronly" style="display:none;"></span>Als <b>Filaggrin</b> bezeichnet man eine Gruppe von <a href="S%C3%A4ugetiere" title="Säugetiere">Säugetier</a>-<a href="Protein" title="Protein">Proteinen</a>, die beim <a href="Verhornung" title="Verhornung">Verhornungsprozess</a> der <a href="Haut" title="Haut">Haut</a> in den <a href="Keratinozyt" title="Keratinozyt">Keratinozyten</a> gebildet werden. Filaggrine helfen dabei, <a href="Keratin" class="mw-redirect" title="Keratin">Keratin</a>-<a href="Mikrofilamente" title="Mikrofilamente">Filamente</a> über <a href="Disulfidbr%C3%BCcke" title="Disulfidbrücke">Disulfidbrücken</a> zu vernetzen und haben somit strukturbildende Funktionen für die <a href="Epidermis_(Wirbeltiere)" title="Epidermis (Wirbeltiere)">Epidermis</a>. <a href="Mutation" title="Mutation">Mutationen</a> im <i>FLG</i>-<a href="Gen" title="Gen">Gen</a> können zu erblichen Formen der <a href="Ichthyosis" class="mw-redirect" title="Ichthyosis">Ichthyosis</a> vulgaris, sowie zur Anfälligkeit gegenüber atopischer <a href="Dermatitis" title="Dermatitis">Dermatitis</a> Typ 2 (<a href="Atopisches_Ekzem" title="Atopisches Ekzem">Atopisches Ekzem</a>) mit Risiko für <a href="Allergie" title="Allergie">Allergien</a> führen.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-u_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-u-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>In einer Studie an 3000 deutschen Schulkindern wurde bei acht Prozent der Kinder eine Mutation des <i>FLG</i>-Gens gefunden. In späteren Untersuchungen waren diese Mutationen mit hohen <a href="Immunglobulin_E" title="Immunglobulin E">IgE</a>-Werten und Risiko für <a href="Allergisches_Kontaktekzem" title="Allergisches Kontaktekzem">Kontaktdermatitis</a>, insbesondere <a href="Reibeisenhaut" class="mw-disambig" title="Reibeisenhaut">Reibeisenhaut</a>, <a href="Xerodermie" class="mw-redirect" title="Xerodermie">Xerodermie</a> und <a href="Nickelallergie" class="mw-redirect" title="Nickelallergie">Nickelallergie</a> assoziiert. Als zusätzlicher Faktor stellte sich in einer britischen Studie der frühe Kontakt zu Katzen heraus.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biosynthese">Biosynthese</h2></div>
<p>In den <a href="Keratohyalin" title="Keratohyalin">Keratohyalin</a>-Körnchen der Keratinozyten wird Profilaggrin exprimiert und gespeichert. Profilaggrin ist ein über 4000 <a href="Aminos%C3%A4ure" class="mw-redirect" title="Aminosäure">Aminosäuren</a> großes Protein, das stark <a href="Phosphorylierung" title="Phosphorylierung">phosphoryliert</a> ist und 23 <b>Filaggrin-Domänen</b> enthält. Differenziert der Keratinozyt zur <a href="Hornzelle" class="mw-redirect" title="Hornzelle">Hornzelle</a>, wird das Profilaggrin dephosphoryliert und an den Filaggrin-Domänen auseinander geschnitten, wobei viele 324 Aminosäuren lange Filaggrin-Moleküle entstehen. Da das Profilaggrin 23 Filaggrin-Domänen enthält, die sich überlappen, gibt es mehrere Möglichkeiten, ein Profilaggrin-Molekül zu zerschneiden. Daraus erklärt sich die Vielfalt der möglichen Filaggrine.<sup id="cite_ref-u_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-u-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Einzelnachweise">Einzelnachweise</h2></div>
<ol class="references">
<li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ebi.ac.uk/interpro/IEntry?ac=IPR003303">InterPro-Eintrag</a>.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-u-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-u_2-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-u_2-1">b</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="UniProt" title="UniProt">UniProt</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P20930">P20930</a>.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Weidinger S, Illig T, Baurecht H, <i>et al.</i>: <cite style="font-style:italic">Loss-of-function variations within the filaggrin gene predispose for atopic dermatitis with allergic sensitizations</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">J. Allergy Clin. Immunol.</cite> 118. Jahrgang, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>1</span>, Juli 2006, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>214–9</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2006.05.004">10.1016/j.jaci.2006.05.004</a></span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16815158?dopt=Abstract">PMID 16815158</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Filaggrine&rft.atitle=Loss-of-function+variations+within+the+filaggrin+gene+predispose+for+atopic+dermatitis+with+allergic+sensitizations&rft.au=Weidinger+S%2C+Illig+T%2C+Baurecht+H%2C+...&rft.date=2006-07&rft.doi=10.1016%2Fj.jaci.2006.05.004&rft.genre=journal&rft.issue=1&rft.jtitle=J.+Allergy+Clin.+Immunol.&rft.pages=214-9&rft.pmid=16815158&rft.volume=118.+Jahrgang" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Novak N, Baurecht H, Schäfer T, <i>et al.</i>: <cite style="font-style:italic">Loss-of-function mutations in the filaggrin gene and allergic contact sensitization to nickel</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic"><a href="Journal_of_Investigative_Dermatology" title="Journal of Investigative Dermatology">Journal of Investigative Dermatology</a></cite>. 128. Jahrgang, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>6</span>, 2008, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>1430–5</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.jid.5701190">10.1038/sj.jid.5701190</a></span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18049447?dopt=Abstract">PMID 18049447</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Filaggrine&rft.atitle=Loss-of-function+mutations+in+the+filaggrin+gene+and+allergic+contact+sensitization+to+nickel&rft.au=Novak+N%2C+Baurecht+H%2C+Sch%C3%A4fer+T%2C+...&rft.date=2008&rft.doi=10.1038%2Fsj.jid.5701190&rft.genre=journal&rft.issue=6&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Investigative+Dermatology&rft.pages=1430-5&rft.pmid=18049447&rft.volume=128.+Jahrgang" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Bisgaard H, Simpson A, Palmer CN, <i>et al.</i>: <cite style="font-style:italic">Gene-environment interaction in the onset of eczema in infancy: filaggrin loss-of-function mutations enhanced by neonatal cat exposure</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic"><a href="PLoS_Med" class="mw-redirect" title="PLoS Med">PLoS Med</a>.</cite> 5. Jahrgang, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>6</span>, 2008, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>e131</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0050131">10.1371/journal.pmed.0050131</a></span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18578563?dopt=Abstract">PMID 18578563</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2504043/">PMC 2504043</a> (freier Volltext).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Filaggrine&rft.atitle=Gene-environment+interaction+in+the+onset+of+eczema+in+infancy%3A+filaggrin+loss-of-function+mutations+enhanced+by+neonatal+cat+exposure&rft.au=Bisgaard+H%2C+Simpson+A%2C+Palmer+CN%2C+...&rft.date=2008&rft.doi=10.1371%2Fjournal.pmed.0050131&rft.genre=journal&rft.issue=6&rft.jtitle=PLoS+Med.&rft.pages=e131&rft.pmc=2504043&rft.pmid=18578563&rft.volume=5.+Jahrgang" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
</ol>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Weblinks">Weblinks</h2></div>
<ul><li>Scientific Blogging: <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scientificblogging.com/news_releases/filaggrin_key_protein_in_skins_protective_armor_implicated_in_allergies">Filaggrin, Key Protein In Skin's Protective Armor, Implicated In Allergies</a></i></li></ul></div><!--htdig_noindex--><div><div class="zim-footer">
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